Skip to main content
Background Image

[Linear Algebra] Eigenvalue by inspection

·158 words·1 min
Author
Frederic Liu
BS.c. Maths and Stats in OR

I saw a problem today, saying the following:

Find the eigenvalues for following matrices by inspection $$ \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 3 & -1 \\ 0 & 0 & 4 \end{bmatrix} $$

And of course my approach, intuitively, was to make use of the zeros presented, and to find the characteristic polynomial with only the $(\lambda - a)$ fields. However, I found it really inefficient as when it comes to 4-dimensional square matrices, especially for those with insufficient zeros:

$$ \begin{bmatrix} 1&0&0&0 \\ 2&3&0&0 \\ 4&5&6&0 \\ 7&8&9&10 \\ \end{bmatrix} $$

So I went seek posts on MSE regarding this, and found this post

The post suggested an approach to easily finding an eigenvalue, which is simply try to minus a thing on its trace, and see if it creates identical rows

And here I found all of entries on the diagonal are eigenvalues by subtracting accordingly and we found 0 on its diagonal